Polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes are important cont...
Question
Polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes are important contributors to differences among individuals in response to toxicants. Pick a xenobiotic enzyme for which polymorphism exists, identify the forms that exist and how they are distributed among subgroups in the population (ethnicity, geographical distribution, etc.), and how they substantially influence the toxicity of one or more drugs or chemicals. Provide at least one specific example.
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Polymorphism is characterized as two or more inherited phenotypes which derived from the same gene(s). Various xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes show the polymorphisms and have individual and inter-ethnic differences. Some studies reported the variation alleles of the human CYP1A1, CYP2E1 has implications in adenocarcinoma and lung cancer. Cytochrome P450 superfamily is most studied on drug metabolism and has a lot of individual variability.
The interest in CYP1A subfamily increased by a study reported in 1973 which correlated the level of CYP1A1 inducibility in cigarette smokers with individual susceptibility to lung cancer. Its polymorphism with difference in gene has also been identified, and which found to influence lung cancer risk amongst Japanese cigarette smokers, whereas in other ethnic groups it does not appear to influence lung cancer.
The interest in CYP1A subfamily increased by a study reported in 1973 which correlated the level of CYP1A1 inducibility in cigarette smokers with individual susceptibility to lung cancer. Its polymorphism with difference in gene has also been identified, and which found to influence lung cancer risk amongst Japanese cigarette smokers, whereas in other ethnic groups it does not appear to influence lung cancer.
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